The Quality of Salted Sun-Dried Meat from Young Nellore Bulls Fed Diets with Lauric Acid.

This study aims to evaluate the quality of salted sun-dried meat from young bulls (Nellore cattle) fed with a diet containing 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of lauric acid in the total dry matter (DM). Thirty-two Nellore bulls with initial body weight of 368 ± 32 kg were used. A linear decrease (p < 0.05) in pH and protein content of the salted sun-dried meat was observed with the inclusion of lauric acid. The moisture, ash, lipid, collagen content, water-holding capacity, cooking loss, color indexes (L*, a*, b*, C*), and shear force were not affected. Lipid oxidation at 7 days of storage increased linearly in the salted sun-dried meat. Most of the fatty acid composition of the salted sun-dried meat from the semimembranosus muscle of young bulls was not influenced (p > 0.05) by the lauric acid inclusion in the bulls' diet. However, there was a linear increase (p < 0.05) in the SFA lauric acid (C12:0), PUFAn-3 EPA (C20:5n − 3) and DHA (C22:6n − 3), and a quadratic increase in the PUFAn-6 arachidonic (C20:4n − 6) due to lauric acid addition from palm kernel oil in the diet. There was a liner increase (p < 0.05) in the total ∑PUFA, ∑n − 6, ∑n − 3 contents of salted sun-dried meat from the semimembranosus muscle of young bulls and the h:H health index of the level of lauric acid inclusion in bull's diet. In contrast, the thrombogenicity health index (TI) and ∑n − 6:∑n − 3 ratio content in salted sun-dried meat from the semimembranosus muscle of young bulls presented a linear decrease (p < 0.05) due to lauric acid addition in the bulls' diet. Lauric acid (C12:0) inclusion up to 1.5% in the diet of young Nellore bull improved the fatty acid composition of the salted sun-dried meat, increasing EPA, DHA, n − 6 and n − 3, TI, and h:H indexes, which are associated with a better lipid quality of meat products, and further improves tenderness at the highest concentration.

Caracterização microbiológica, físico-química e das condições de produção e comercialização da carne de sol de Salinas, Minas Gerais / Microbiological and physical-chemical characterization and conditions of production and commercialization of sun-dried meat from Salinas, Minas Gerais

Para avaliar as condições higiênico-sanitárias e tecnológicas (HST) de produção e comercialização da carne de sol no município de Salinas, na região Norte do estado de Minas Gerais, foram coletadas 40 amostras no comércio local para a realização de análises físico-químicas e microbiológicas. A carne de sol é produzida artesanalmente em estabelecimentos comerciais e considerada uma tradição da região. Nas análises físico-químicas de umidade, proteína, gordura, cinzas, cloretos e pH, foram encontrados valores médios de 70,13%, 22,35%, 2,25%, 5,09%, 3,63% e 5,8, respectivamente. Duas amostras (5%) foram positivas para Salmonella spp. e 16 (40%) apresentaram contagens de S. aureus superiores a 103UFC/g. Os valores encontrados nas análises de mesófilos aeróbicos, bolores e leveduras e coliformes totais e termotolerantes foram de 2,50x107 UFC/g, 1,73x104 UFC/g, 9,1NMP/g e 4,3NMP/g, respectivamente. A carne de sol produzida em Salinas é um produto artesanal, portanto heterogêneo quanto às características de produção, comercialização e de qualidade microbiológica e físico-química. A importância socioeconômica da carne de sol na região é considerável, o que justifica a necessidade de se conhecer melhor suas características para auxiliar no desenvolvimento de eventuais políticas públicas regionais visando ao controle sanitário desse produto.(AU)

In order to evaluate the hygienic-sanitary and technological conditions (HST) of production and commercialization of sun-dried meat, in the city of Salinas, in the North of Minas Gerais, 40 samples of the product were collected in the local commerce for carrying out physicochemical and microbiological analyses. The sun-dried meat is produced in the commercial establishments and considered a tradition of the region. In the physicochemical analyzes of moisture, protein, fat, ash content, chlorides and pH were found values of 70.13%, 22.35%, 2.25%, 5.09%, 3.63% and 5.8, respectively. Two samples (5%) were positive for Salmonella spp. and 16 (40%) had Staphylococcus aureus counts higher than 10 3 CFU/g. The values found for the analyses of aerobic mesophilic microorganisms, yeasts and molds and total and thermotolerant coliforms were 2.50 x 10 7 CFU/g, 1.73 x 10 4 CFU/g, 9.1MPN/g and 4.3MPN/g, respectively. The sun-dried meat from Salinas is a handmade product, therefore heterogeneous in terms of production, and physicochemical and microbiological quality. The socioeconomic importance of the sun-dried-meat in the region is considerable, which justifies the need to know its characteristics better to help in the development of regional public policies aiming at sanitary control of the product.(AU)

Avaliação da contaminação por matérias estranhas em carne-de-sol comercializada em “casas do norte” / Study on contaminant materials within “sun dried meat (jerked beef)” at the “Northern Houses"

A carne-de-sol é um produto artesanal, obtido de técnicas de salga e desidratação, empregado por populações do Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. A falta de emprego de tecnologia mais avançada no processamento e no estabelecimento de padrões oficiais de identidade e de qualidade contribuem na produção, comercialização e distribuição em condições sanitárias insatisfatórias, os quais põem em risco a saúde do consumidor. Com o objetivo de avaliar as condições sanitárias da carne-de-sol comercializada em “casas do norte”, foi pesquisada a ocorrência de matérias estranhas. Foram analisadas 44 amostras de carne-de sol coletadas de 22 “casas do norte” localizadas em Diadema –SP/Brasil. As condições de exposição e de comercialização do produto nas “casas do norte” foram investigadas, as quais serviram de informação complementar na apreciação do grau de segurança alimentar do produto. Em todas as amostras analisadas foram encontradas matérias estranhas, tais como, insetos, fragmentos, larvas, exúvias, ácaros, pêlos de roedor, bárbula de ave, fungos filamentosos e, também, objetos pontiagudos e cortantes. Em 11 locais de venda foi verificada a presença de vetores mecânicos. Das amostras analisadas, 90,9% apresentaram condições sanitárias insatisfatórias em função da presença de perigos físicos. Esses achados, associados às condições observadas nas “casas do norte”, indicam que os produtos analisados podem colocar em risco a saúde do consumidor.

The “sun dried meat” (carne de sol) is a handmade food produced by salting and dehydration procedures, and commonly consumed by people from the North and Northeast areas of Brazil. Taking into account the lack of advanced technology for preparing it and also lacking any official standards for product identity and quality, in addition to the unsuitable sanitary conditions for food processing, marketing and distribution, it might cause risk to consumers’ health. This paper evaluates the sanitary conditions of “sun dried meat”, byanalyzing the occurrence of the extraneous materials in 44 samples of “sun dried meat” collected from 22“Northern Houses” in Diadema - SP- Brazil. The additional information on food safety, product exposure and sale conditions at the “Northern Houses” were assessed. Several kinds of contaminants were found in 44 analyzed samples as whole insects and their debris, larvae, arthropods exuviae, mites, rodent fur, pieces of bird feather, fungi, and pointed and sharp objects. Mechanical vectors were detected in 11 sale spots. Among 44 “sun dried meat” samples, 90.9% showed unsatisfactory sanitary conditions, considering the occurrence of health hazardous contaminants. These findings and including the inadequate hygienic conditions of the “Northern Houses”, indicate these products are unsuitable for consumption.